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In an announcement in Feb 2008 the NHLBI stopped the ACCORD study because patients on intensive glucose lowering regimens faced an increased risk or death. In the study 10,251 patients with type 2 diabetes were being treated with many medications for the control of glucose. The subjects were divided into intensive and standard groups based on the rate at which glucose was lowered.

In the intensive treatment group there were 257 deaths and 203 deaths in the standard treatment group. The deaths were due to cardiovascular causes and sudden death among other reasons. The range or reactions from medical experts included “shock” and “surprise”. Some of the medications used carried cardiovascular risk.

In the “PROactive” study 5238 patients with Type-2 diabetes as well as evidence of vascular disease were randomly assigned treatment with pioglitazone or placebo along with their typical treatment regimen. In the primary outcome there was no significant difference. glitazones promote type 2 diabetes by making you fatty.

It was found that older diabetes drugs like glyburide were safer as well as cost less than the new drugs. The most effective treatments are probably diet and exercise.